After a few days of strangely beautiful weather, Cardiff finally looks about how I expected it to outside: cloudy and grey, with a constant slight rain. I’m not complaining though – I’m very grateful to be experiencing this in place of what I hear is an unbearable heat in Evanston 😉
I had my first interview on Thursday with a senior research and place-names officer from the office of the Welsh Language Commissioner (WLC), an independent body created to promote and facilitate the use of the Welsh language. The WLC was formed through the Welsh Language (Wales) Measure 2011, which replaced the Welsh Language Act 1993. This measure both grants Welsh equal status to English and outlines the powers and responsibilities of the Commissioner and their office. As per the focus of my study, we began by discussing bilingual signage. I explained that in my limited time exploring the city of Cardiff, I had not only noticed the myriad of bilingual signs but also some consistencies in signage design: Welsh seemed to 1) typically come before English and 2) be written in boldface font. My interviewee explained that the WLC has developed standard practice guidelines for creating bilingual signage across Wales – a framework for creating first rate bilingual material in accordance with the Welsh Language (Wales) Measure 2011. Generally, Welsh is to be placed so that it is read first, among other strategies. This typically means on top and to the left, as both languages are read rightward. It is interesting to note that this guide is not a statutory code of practice but rather a recommendation aimed at any and all organizations, regardless of their legal obligation to operate bilingually. In this and other ways, the WLC serves in an advisory capacity – considered experts on best practices for promoting Welsh, the office of the WLC is a resource for companies, organizations, and local governments across Wales seeking guidance on how to implement bilingual policies and improve language visibility.
Although many Welsh speakers live in Cardiff, they are diluted by the city’s large overall population. New legislation was passed earlier this month with the aim to ensure that all children reach the end of compulsory school age as independent Welsh language users, a step towards the big picture goal of the Cymraeg (Wales) 2050 language strategy plan, which includes reaching one million Welsh speakers.
In the few short days I’ve spent here, I’ve definitely seen this effort reflected all over the city. Most, if not all, directional road signs are bilingual, place-names are typically showcased in both English and Welsh, and even some warning and caution signs have taught me some useful Welsh exclamations. I’ve even learned some phrases to teach a bilingual pet!
Since my first interview, I’ve spent some days getting to know the different parts of the city. So far, I’ve visited the National Museum Cardiff, Cardiff Castle, walked through the City Centre and Cardiff Bay, and enjoyed some delicious Welsh cakes at Cardiff Market! The city is very walkable, which I so appreciate, and very green in some parts. I took a long walk through Bute Park on Saturday, where I sat at a café and enjoyed their homemade quiche and iced tea. I also took a stroll along the River Taff, which is apparently where the term “taffy” (a Welshman) comes from! Cardiff Castle was definitely a highlight – I listened to a podcast about the history of the castle while walking its grounds. Apparently, the historic landmark also serves as a venue for concerts and raves! All of these places have been rich with signage, so I’m already pushing 100 photos. I spent some time yesterday sorting through them and creating a spreadsheet to organize everything. It’s been a busy but fun first few days to be sure!
Welsh cake!
Cardiff Castle